2023年814英汉互译真题回忆版
一．英译中
Only when the country prospers can its young people prosper. With rapid economic and social development, young people in China in the new era have access to better opportunities for development and a growing stage on which to fulfill their potential. Young people in China enjoy more equal and higher-quality educational opportunities as the country continues giving high priority to education. In 2021, the completion rate of compulsory education in China reached 95.4 percent, the gross enrollment rate in senior secondary education reached 91.4 percent, and the gross enrollment rate in higher education reached 57.8 percent, with 44.3 million students on campus, ranking first in the world. More and more young people have stepped onto this important path to success and excellence.
The career choices of young people in China are increasingly diverse and market-oriented, and made, more often than not, on their own. Young people now look beyond a stable lifelong job in the traditional sense, and non-public economic entities and new social organizations are gradually becoming their main channels for employment. The options of "either workers or farmers" are a thing of the past, and the tertiary industry has become an important gathering place for the young workforce. In 2020, the tertiary industry employed 47.7 percent of those in employment across the country, up 13.1 percentage points from a decade ago. In particular, new and rapidly-rising industries and new business forms have given birth to a large number of new career options, such as esports players, live-streaming hosts, and web writers, and engaged a large number of young people in flexible employment, such as parcel and food couriers. There have emerged what they call "Slash" people with multiple titles, jobs, and ways of working and living. All these have testified to the greater range of opportunities and choices available to young people as times change.
二．中译英
“经济”，即经世济民。“经世”即治理国家和社会事务，使之有条理；“济民”即帮助百姓，使之远离困境。“经济”是中国传统知识分子治学立世的目标和准则之所在，体现了他们学以致用、贡献国家、造福百姓的务实、民本精神。近代以降，“经济”转指创造、转化、实现价值，满足人们物质文化生活需要的社会活动等。（此段出自中华思想文化术语“经济”）
17世纪初思想家顾炎武、王夫之、黄宗羲等人倡导学术研究要关注现实，通过解释古代典籍，阐发自己的社会政治见解，解决社会实际问题，以增进国家治理、民生安定、社会改良。顾炎武曾说：“凡文之不关六经之指、当世之务者,一切不为”，这一思想强调知识的政治价值和知识分子的现实担当，体现了中国传统知识分子讲求功效、务实的思想特点和“以天下为己任”的情怀。（此段出自中华思想文化术语“经世致用”）
参考译文：
In the early 17th century, thinkers such as Gu Yanwu, Wang Fuzhi, and Huang Zongxi argued that scholarly studies should be geared to meet current needs. They held that while interpreting ancient classics, scholars should expound their views on the social and political issues of their day, solve practical problems, enhance governance of the country, improve people's livelihood, and promote social reform. This view stressed the practical value of knowledge and the practical responsibilities of intellectuals. It reflects the pragmatic character of traditional Chinese intellectuals as well as their concern for the well-being of the people and eagerness to shoulder responsibility for the whole nation.
三．编译
国潮正成为新流，国货也越来越被接受。
举了汉服春晚、七夕敦煌妆容做例子，接下来还有位学者说应该更注重现代技术与文化内容生产的融合。
四．理论
奈达形式与动态对等， Munday驳斥说effect到底是由谁衡量？怎样能有两个不同文化、不同时代的文本传递同样的effect？
对Munday这个批评的观点作文，不少于350词
