第一段
①In 2010,a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core.②Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.③But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable.④Executives were violently agitated.⑤The Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), a trade group, assured members that this was just a “preliminary step” in a longer battle.
单词&词组
federal judge 联邦法官
biotech industry 生物科技产业
patent n. 专利证书
isolate v. 分离（物质、疾病等以作研究）
some 20％ 大约20％
violently ad. 激烈地，强烈地
be violently agitated 极度焦躁不安
agitated a. 紧张不安的，焦虑的
preliminary a. 初步的，预备的
本段翻译
2010年，一位联邦法官彻底震惊了美国生物技术行业。此前数十年，公司们一直在享有分离DNA的专利——截止到2005年，约20%的人类基因已被申请专利。但在2010年3月，一位法官做出裁决：基因不可申请专利。这让(生物技术公司)主管们发狂般地焦躁不安。作为贸易团体， 生物技术工业组织(BIO) 向其成员承诺，这只是一场长期战争的“第一步”。
第二段
①On July 29th they were relieved, at least temporarily.②A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer.③The chief executive of Myriad, a company in Utah, said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.
单词&词组
at least temporarily 至少暂时如此
federal appeals court 联邦上诉法院
overturn v. 使倾覆，打翻
overturned the prior decision 推翻先前判决
prior a. 先前的，较早的
rule v. 判决，裁定
blessing n. 幸事，幸运，福气
hold patents to... 持有……的专利
a blessing to... ……的福音
alike ad. 同样都（用于强调刚刚提及的两者）
本段翻译
7月29日，他们如释重负，至少暂时如此。联邦上诉法院推翻了先前判决，裁决Myriad Genetics公司的确可以拥有两项帮助预测女性乳腺癌风险的基因专利。位于犹他州的Myriad公司的执行总裁认为， 这一裁决无论对于公司还是对于病人都是一种福音。
第三段
①But as companies continue their attempts at personalized medicine, the courts will remain rather busy.②The Myriad case itself is probably not over.③Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's.④A growing number seem to agree.⑤Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests.⑥In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case, arguing that an isolated DNA molecule “is no less a product of nature…than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds.”
单词&词组
one's attempt at 对……的尝试、努力
personalised a. 个性化的
make arguments against 提出反对……的理由
suppress v. 镇压，制止，压制
suppress innovation 抑制创新
reward v. 酬谢，报答，奖赏
monopoly n. 垄断者，垄断企业
restrict access to 限制对……的使用
file v. 提出，提交，发表
file a brief 提交案情摘要
molecule n. 分子
本段翻译
但随着公司继续对个性化医疗进行尝试， 未来法庭仍然会相当忙碌。Myriad案本身可能并未完结。批评者主要提出了三条反对基因专利的理由：基因是自然的产物，所以不可申请专利；基因专利抑制了创新而非奖励创新；专利垄断限制了人们对基因测试的使用， 如对Myriad基因测试的使用。似乎越来越多的人们趋于认同上述观点。去年，联邦专项小组敦促对基因检测方面的专利进行改革。十月，司法部针对Myriad案提交的案情摘要中提出， 分离的DNA分子“就像从棉花籽中分离出的棉纤维一样，仅仅是自然的产物”。
第四段
①Despite the appeals court's decision, big questions remain unanswered.②For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it.③The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.
单词&词组
It's unclear whether 是否……尚不明确
genome n. 基因组
violate the patents of 违反……专利
violate v. 侵犯
the Supreme Court 最高法院
本段翻译
尽管上诉法庭已经做出了裁决，但重大问题依然悬而未决。例如，对一个完整基因组进行排序是否会侵犯其内部单个基因所获得的专利，这一问题尚不明朗。这一案件可能会上诉至最高法院。
第五段
①As the industry advances, however, other suits may have an even greater impact. Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules—most are already patented or in the public domain.②Firms are now studying how genes interact, looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug's efficacy.③Companies are eager to win patents for “connecting the dots,” explains Hans Sauer, a lawyers for the BIO.
翻译译文：
单词&词组
advance v. 进步，进展
suit n. 诉讼，讼案
domain n. 领域，范围
interact v. 互动，相互作用
correlation n. 相互关系，关联
a drug's efficacy 药物疗效
be eager to win... 急于赢取……
本段翻译
然而，随着这一行业的发展，其他诉讼可能会产生更大影响。公司已不大可能就“人类DNA分子”申请许多专利——大多数该类基因早已被申请专利，或是属于公共领域。各企业当前正在研究基因间如何相互作用，以寻找可能用于确定疾病诱因或预测药物疗效的关联物。来自BIO的律师Hans Sauer解释道， 各企业正急于获取“连点”专利。
第六段
①Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term.②The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed.
单词&词组
be determined by... 取决于……
convention n. 会议
hold a convention 召开大会
session n. （一系列会议中的一次）会议
coach sb. on sth. 对某人就某事进行培训
shifting a. 移动着的，变化着的
landscape n. 形势
packed a. 挤满人的，非常拥挤的
本段翻译
他们能否成功可能取决于一起由Mayo诊所引发的相关案件，最高法院将于下一庭审期对这一案件进行听审。BIO最近召开大会，开展一系列会议针对目前变换的专利情形对律师进行培训。每一场会议都座无虚席。
五道题
31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that the biotech companies would like________.
[A] their executives to be active
[B] judges to rule out gene patenting
[C] genes to be patentable
[D] the BIO to issue a warning
32. Those who are against gene patents believe that________.
[A] genetic tests are not reliable
[B] only man-made products are patentable
[C] patents on genes depend much on innovation
[D] courts should restrict access to genetic tests
33. According to Hans Sauer, companies are eager to win patents for________.
[A] establishing disease correlations
[B] discovering gene interactions
[C] drawing pictures of genes
[D] identifying human DNA
34. By saying “Each meeting was packed”(Line 4，Para.6), the author means that________.
[A] the supreme court was authoritative
[B] the BIO was a powerful organization
[C] gene patenting was a great concern
[D] lawyers were keen to attend conventions
35. Generally speaking, the author's attitude toward gene patenting is________.
[A] critical
[B] supportive
[C] scornful
[D] objective
参考答案
ABACD
选项翻译
31.从第一段可知，生物技术公司希望______
[A]基因可申请专利
[B] BIO发布一项警告
[C]其管理者活跃起来
[D]法官废除基因专利
32.基因专利反对者认为______
[A]基因检测不可靠
[B]只有人造产品能申请专利
[C]基因专利很大程度上取决于创新
[D]法庭应该限制基因检测
33.Hans Sauer认为， 公司们急于就______获取专利。
[A]发现基因相互作用
[B]建立疾病关联
[C]绘制基因图
[D] 识别人类DNA
34.作者用“每次会议都座无虚席”(第六段第四行)表明______
[A]最高法院非常具有权威
[B] BIO是一个强大的组织
[C]基因专利是一个重大问题
[D]律师们热衷参加会议
35.总体上，作者对基因专利的态度是______
[A]批判的
[B]支持的
[C]轻视的
[D]客观的
答案解析
31、本题问的是第一段所表明的“生物技术公司意愿”。该段指出，法官裁决“基因不可申请专利”， 这令生物科技公司极度不安。生物科技组织(BIO) 向成员们保证“这只是一场持久战争的第一步”。由此可反向判断，生物技术公司希望“基因可申请专利”，[A]选项正确。
32、根据题干who are against gene patents定位到第三段③句Critics make three main arguments against gene patents...。该句指出基因专利反对者的三大理由：一， 基因是自然产物， 故不可申请专利；二，基因专利阻碍创新；三，基因垄断限制基因检测的使用。[B]符合意见一，故正确。
33、根据题干中人名关键词Hans Sauer定位到第五段末句。该句指出Hans Sauer观点：公司们急于就“connecting the dots”获取专利。但从本句无法推知connecting the dots具体所指， 所以需继续回看上文。上一句指出，生物技术公司当前致力于研究“基因之间是如何相互作用的”，以期找到疾病成因， 推测药物疗效。可推知， connecting the dots即指发现基因间的相互作用， [A] 选项正确。
34、所考句连同其上一句共同指出：生物技术组织(BIO) 举行了一系列会议培训律师应对目前变换的基因专利情形， 而每次会议都座无虚席。可见作者意在表明：无论是BIO还是律师们都极为关注基因专利情形，即：基因专利是个重大问题，[C]正确。
35、纵观全文，作者只是在介绍“基因专利”相关裁决及引发的反响，重在说明这一问题的重大意义以及热议性，客观阐释了生物科技产业(基因专利支持者)和基因专利反对者的观点。从头到尾作者都未表明自己的立场或站位，未就“基因是否可以申请专利”发表自己观点。故[D]最为准确。
